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Q661. Which of the following network design elements allows for many internal devices to share one public IP address?
A. DNAT
B. PAT
C. DNS
D. DMZ
Answer: B
Explanation:
Port Address Translation (PAT), is an extension to network address translation (NAT) that permits multiple devices on a local area network (LAN) to be mapped to a single public IP address. The goal of PAT is to conserve IP addresses.
Most home networks use PAT. In such a scenario, the Internet Service Provider (ISP) assigns a single IP address to the home network's router. When Computer X logs on the Internet, the router assigns the client a port number, which is appended to the internal IP address. This, in effect, gives Computer X a unique address. If Computer Z logs on the Internet at the same time, the router assigns it the same local IP address with a different port number. Although both computers are sharing the same public IP address and accessing the Internet at the same time, the router knows exactly which computer to send specific packets to because each computer has a unique internal address.
Q662. A security analyst, Ann, is reviewing an IRC channel and notices that a malicious exploit has been created for a frequently used application. She notifies the software vendor and asks them for remediation steps, but is alarmed to find that no patches are available to mitigate this vulnerability.
Which of the following BEST describes this exploit?
A. Malicious insider threat
B. Zero-day
C. Client-side attack
D. Malicious add-on
Answer: B
Explanation:
A zero day vulnerability refers to a hole in software that is unknown to the vendor. This security hole is then exploited by hackers before the vendor becomes aware and hurries to fix it—this exploit is called a zero day attack. Uses of zero day attacks can include infiltrating malware, spyware or allowing unwanted access to user information. The term “zero day” refers to the unknown nature of the hole to those outside of the hackers, specifically, the developers. Once the vulnerability becomes known, a race begins for the developer, who must protect users. In this question, there are no patches are available to mitigate the vulnerability. This is therefore a zero-day vulnerability.
Q663. Which of the following allows a company to maintain access to encrypted resources when employee turnover is high?
A. Recovery agent
B. Certificate authority
C. Trust model
D. Key escrow
Answer: A
Explanation:
If an employee leaves and we need access to data he has encrypted, we can use the key recovery agent to retrieve his decryption key. We can use this recovered key to access the data. A key recovery agent is an entity that has the ability to recover a key, key components, or plaintext messages as needed. As opposed to escrow, recovery agents are typically used to access information that is encrypted with older keys.
Q664. A company wants to ensure that its hot site is prepared and functioning. Which of the following would be the BEST process to verify the backup datacenter is prepared for such a scenario?
A. Site visit to the backup data center
B. Disaster recovery plan review
C. Disaster recovery exercise
D. Restore from backup
Answer: C
Explanation:
A hot site is a location that can provide operations within hours of a failure. This type of site would have servers, networks, and telecommunications equipment in place to reestablish service in a short time. Hot sites provide network connectivity, systems, and preconfigured software to meet the needs of an organization. This means that an actual exercise run would test the abilities of your hot site best.
Q665. A forensic analyst is reviewing electronic evidence after a robbery. Security cameras installed at the site were facing the wrong direction to capture the incident. The analyst ensures the cameras are turned to face the proper direction. Which of the following types of controls is being used?
A. Detective
B. Deterrent
C. Corrective
D. Preventive
Answer: C
Explanation:
A corrective control would be any corrective action taken to correct any existing control that were faulty or wrongly installed – as in this case the cameras were already there, it just had to be adjusted to perform its function as intended.
Q666. Which of the following tools would allow Ann, the security administrator, to be able to BEST quantify all traffic on her network?
A. Honeypot
B. Port scanner
C. Protocol analyzer
D. Vulnerability scanner
Answer: C
Explanation:
A Protocol Analyzer is a hardware device or more commonly a software program used to capture
network data communications sent between devices on a network. By capturing and analyzing the
packets sent between the systems on the network, Ann would be able to quantify the amount of
traffic on the network.
Well known software protocol analyzers include Message Analyzer (formerly Network Monitor)
from Microsoft and Wireshark (formerly Ethereal).
Q667. Sara, an attacker, is recording a person typing in their ID number into a keypad to gain access to the building. Sara then calls the helpdesk and informs them that their PIN no longer works and would like to change it. Which of the following attacks occurred LAST?
A. Phishing
B. Shoulder surfing
C. Impersonation
D. Tailgating
Answer: C
Explanation:
Two attacks took place in this question. The first attack was shoulder surfing. This was the act of Sara recording a person typing in their ID number into a keypad to gain access to the building. The second attack was impersonation. Sara called the helpdesk and used the PIN to impersonate the person she recorded.
Q668. RADIUS provides which of the following?
A. Authentication, Authorization, Availability
B. Authentication, Authorization, Auditing
C. Authentication, Accounting, Auditing
D. Authentication, Authorization, Accounting
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) networking protocol offers centralized Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) management for users who make use of a network service. It is for this reason that A, B, and C: are incorrect.
References: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RADIUS
Q669. Environmental control measures include which of the following?
A. Access list
B. Lighting
C. Motion detection
D. EMI shielding
Answer: D
Explanation:
Environmental controls include HVAC, Fire Suppression, EMI Shielding, Hot and Cold Aisles, Environmental monitoring as well as Temperature and Humidity controls.
Q670. A company has 5 users. Users 1, 2 and 3 need access to payroll and users 3, 4 and 5 need access to sales. Which of the following should be implemented to give the appropriate access while enforcing least privilege?
A. Assign individual permissions to users 1 and 2 for payroll. Assign individual permissions to users 4 and 5 for sales. Make user 3 an administrator.
B. Make all users administrators and then restrict users 1 and 2 from sales. Then restrict users 4 and 5 from payroll.
C. Create two additional generic accounts, one for payroll and one for sales that users utilize.
D. Create a sales group with users 3, 4 and 5. Create a payroll group with users 1, 2 and 3.
Answer: D
Explanation: