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Q11. How does Amazon RDS multi Availability Zone model work?
A. A second, standby database is deployed and maintained in a different availability zone from master, using synchronous replication.
B. A second, standby database is deployed and maintained in a different availability zone from master using asynchronous replication.
C. A second, standby database is deployed and maintained in a different region from master using asynchronous replication.
D. A second, standby database is deployed and maintained in a different region from master using synchronous replication.
Answer: A
Explanation:
In a MuIti-AZ deployment, Amazon RDS automatically provisions and maintains a synchronous standby replica in a different Availability Zone.
Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/Concepts.Mu|tiAZ.htmI
Q12. When thinking of DynamoDB, what are true of Global Secondary Key properties?
A. The partition key and sort key can be different from the table.
B. Only the partition key can be different from the table.
C. Either the partition key or the sort key can be different from the table, but not both.
D. Only the sort key can be different from the table.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Global secondary index — an index with a partition key and a sort key that can be different from those on the table. A global secondary index is considered "gIobaI" because queries on the index can span all of the data in a table, across all partitions.
Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/amazondynamodb/latest/developerguide/Secondarylndexes.html
Q13. Which major database needs a BYO license?
A. PostgreSQL
B. NIariaDB
C. MySQL
D. Oracle
Answer: D
Explanation:
Oracle is not open source, and requires a bring your own license model.
Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/CHAP_OracIe.htm|
Q14. Which of these techniques enables the fastest possible rollback times in the event of a failed deployment?
A. Rolling; Immutable
B. Rolling; Mutable
C. Canary or A/B
D. Blue-Green
Answer: D
Explanation:
AWS specifically recommends Blue-Green for super-fast, zero-downtime deploys - and thus rollbacks, which are redeploying old code.
You use various strategies to migrate the traffic from your current application stack (blue) to a new version of the application (green). This is a popular technique for deploying applications with zero downtime. Reference: https://d0.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/overview-of-deployment-options-on-aws.pdf
Q15. You need your API backed by DynamoDB to stay online during a total regional AWS failure. You can tolerate a couple minutes of lag or slowness during a large failure event, but the system should recover with normal operation after those few minutes. What is a good approach?
A. Set up DynamoDB cross-region replication in a master-standby configuration, with a single standby in another region. Create an Auto Scaling Group behind an ELB in each of the two regions DynamoDB is running in. Add a Route53 Latency DNS Record with DNS Failover, using the ELBs in the two regions as the resource records.
B. Set up a DynamoDB MuIti-Region table. Create an Auto Scaling Group behind an ELB in each of the two regions DynamoDB is running in. Add a Route53 Latency DNS Record with DNS Failover, using the ELBs in the two regions as the resource records.
C. Set up a DynamoDB Mu|ti-Region table. Create a cross-region ELB pointing to a cross-region Auto Scaling Group, and direct a Route53 Latency DNS Record with DNS Failover to the cross-region ELB.
D. Set up DynamoDB cross-region replication in a master-standby configuration, with a single standby in another region. Create a cross-region ELB pointing to a cross-region Auto Scaling Group, and direct a Route53 Latency DNS Record with DNS Failover to the cross-region ELB.
Answer: A
Explanation:
There is no such thing as a cross-region ELB, nor such thing as a cross-region Auto Scaling Group, nor such thing as a DynamoDB Multi-Region Table. The only option that makes sense is the cross-regional replication version with two ELBs and ASGs with Route53 Failover and Latency DNS.
Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/amazondynamodb/latest/developerguide/Streams.CrossRegionRepI.htmI
Q16. When thinking of AWS OpsWorks, which of the following is not an instance type you can allocate in a stack layer?
A. 24/7 instances
B. Spot instances
C. Time-based instances
D. Load-based instances
Answer: B
Explanation:
AWS OpsWorks supports the following instance types, which are characterized by how they are started and stopped. 24/7 instances are started manually and run until you stop them.Time-based instances are run by AWS OpsWorks on a specified daily and weekly schedule. They allow your stack to automatically adjust the number of instances to accommodate predictable usage patterns. Load-based instances are automatically started and stopped by AWS OpsWorks, based on specified load metrics, such as CPU utilization. They allow your stack to automatically adjust the number of instances to accommodate variations in incoming traffic. Load-based instances are available only for Linux-based stacks. Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/opsworks/latest/userguide/weIcome.htmI
Q17. What is the scope of an EC2 security group?
A. Availability Zone
B. Placement Group
C. Region
D. VPC
Answer: C
Explanation:
A security group is tied to a region and can be assigned only to instances in the same region. You can't enable an instance to communicate with an instance outside its region using security group rules. Traffic
from an instance in another region is seen as WAN bandwidth.
Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/resources.htmI
Q18. Which status represents a failure state in AWS CIoudFormation?
A. <code>UPDATE_COMPLETE_CLEANUP_IN_PROGRESS</code>
B. <code>DELETE_COMPLETE_WITH_ARTIFACTS</code>
C. <code>ROLLBACK_IN_PROGRESS</code>
D. <code>ROLLBACK_FAILED</code>
Answer: C
Explanation:
ROLLBACK_IN_PROGRESS means an UpdateStack operation failed and the stack is in the process of trying to return to the valid, pre-update state. UPDATE_COMPLETE_CLEANUP_IN_PROGRESS means an update was successful, and CIoudFormation is deleting any replaced, no longer used resources. ROLLBACK_FA|LED is not a CloudFormation state (but UPDATE_ROLLBACK_FAILED is). DELETE_COMPLETE_W|TH_ART|FACTS does not exist at all.
Reference:
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCIoudFormation/latest/UserGuide/using-cfn-updating-stacks.html
Q19. What is the maximum supported single-volume throughput on EBS?
A. 320IV|iB/s
B. 160MiB/s
C. 40MiB/s
D. 640MiB/s
Answer: A
Explanation:
The ceiling throughput for PIOPS on EBS is 320MiB/s.
Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/EBSVo|umeTypes.htm| IIIIIEZIIII HWS-IIEIIII|]S-EII§iII|}|}I‘-PI‘0I|}SSi0IIilI EIIEIII
Q20. Your application consists of 10% writes and 90% reads. You currently service all requests through a Route53 Alias Record directed towards an AWS ELB, which sits in front of an EC2 Auto Scaling Group. Your system is getting very expensive when there are large traffic spikes during certain news events, during which many more people request to read similar data all at the same time. What is the simplest and cheapest way to reduce costs and scale with spikes like this?
A. Create an S3 bucket and asynchronously replicate common requests responses into S3 objects. When a request comes in for a precomputed response, redirect to AWS S3.
B. Create another ELB and Auto Scaling Group layer mounted on top of the other system, adding a tier to the system. Serve most read requests out of the top layer.
C. Create a CloudFront Distribution and direct Route53 to the Distribution. Use the ELB as an Origin and specify Cache Behaviours to proxy cache requests which can be served late.
D. Create a Memcached cluster in AWS EIastiCache. Create cache logic to serve requests which can be served late from the in-memory cache for increased performance.
Answer: C
Explanation:
CIoudFront is ideal for scenarios in which entire requests can be served out of a cache and usage patterns involve heavy reads and spikiness in demand.
A cache behavior is the set of rules you configure for a given URL pattern based on file extensions, file names, or any portion of a URL path on your website (e.g., *.jpg). You can configure multiple cache behaviors for your web distribution. Amazon CIoudFront will match incoming viewer requests with your list of URL patterns, and if there is a match, the service will honor the cache behavior you configure for that URL pattern. Each cache behavior can include the following Amazon CIoudFront configuration values: origin server name, viewer connection protocol, minimum expiration period, query string parameters, cookies, and trusted signers for private content.
Reference: https://aws.amazon.com/Cloudfront/dynamic-content/