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Q451. In order to prevent and detect fraud, which of the following should be implemented? 

A. Job rotation 

B. Risk analysis 

C. Incident management 

D. Employee evaluations 

Answer:

Explanation: 

A job rotation policy defines intervals at which employees must rotate through positions. Similar in purpose to mandatory vacations, it helps to ensure that the company does not become too dependent on one person and it does afford the company with the opportunity to place another person in that same job and in this way the company can potentially uncover any fraud perhaps committed by the incumbent. 


Q452. Which of the following offers the LEAST amount of protection against data theft by USB drives? 

A. DLP 

B. Database encryption 

C. TPM 

D. Cloud computing 

Answer:

Explanation: 

Cloud computing refers to performing data processing and storage elsewhere, over a network connection, rather than locally. Because users have access to the data, it can easily be copied to a USB device. 


Q453. Which of the following is BEST used as a secure replacement for TELNET? 

A. HTTPS 

B. HMAC 

C. GPG 

D. SSH 

Answer:

Explanation: 

SSH transmits both authentication traffic and data in a secured encrypted form, whereas Telnet transmits both authentication credentials and data in clear text. 


Q454. Which of the following best practices makes a wireless network more difficult to find? 

A. Implement MAC filtering 

B. UseWPA2-PSK 

C. Disable SSID broadcast 

D. Power down unused WAPs 

Answer:

Explanation: 

Network administrators may choose to disable SSID broadcast to hide their network from unauthorized personnel. However, the SSID is still needed to direct packets to and from the base station, so it’s a discoverable value using a wireless packet sniffer. Thus, the SSID should be disabled if the network isn’t for public use. 


Q455. A user commuting to work via public transport received an offensive image on their smart phone from another commuter. Which of the following attacks MOST likely took place? 

A. War chalking 

B. Bluejacking 

C. War driving 

D. Bluesnarfing 

Answer:

Explanation: 

The question states that the ‘attack’ took place on public transport and was received on a smartphone. Therefore, it is most likely that the image was sent using Bluetooth. Bluejacking is the sending of unsolicited messages over Bluetooth to Bluetooth-enabled devices such as mobile phones, PDAs or laptop computers, sending a vCard which typically contains a message in the name field (i.e., for bluedating or bluechat) to another Bluetooth-enabled device via the OBEX protocol. Bluetooth has a very limited range, usually around 10 metres (32.8 ft) on mobile phones, but laptops can reach up to 100 metres (328 ft) with powerful (Class 1) transmitters. Bluejacking is usually harmless, but because bluejacked people generally don't know what has happened, they may think that their phone is malfunctioning. Usually, a bluejacker will only send a text message, but with modern phones it's possible to send images or sounds as well. Bluejacking has been used in guerrilla marketing campaigns to promote advergames. 


Q456. Matt, a developer, recently attended a workshop on a new application. The developer installs the new application on a production system to test the functionality. Which of the following is MOST likely affected? 

A. Application design 

B. Application security 

C. Initial baseline configuration 

D. Management of interfaces 

Answer:

Explanation: 

The initial baseline configuration of a computer system is an agreed configuration for the computer. For example, the initial baseline configuration will list what operating system he computer will run, what software applications and patches will be installed and what configuration settings should be applied to the system. In this question, we are installing a new software application on a server. After the installation of the software, the “configuration” of the server (installed software, settings etc) is now different from the initial baseline configuration. 


Q457. Joe Has read and write access to his own home directory. Joe and Ann are collaborating on a project, and Joe would like to give Ann write access to one particular file in this home directory. Which of the following types of access control would this reflect? 

A. Role-based access control 

B. Rule-based access control 

C. Mandatory access control 

D. Discretionary access control 

Answer:

Explanation: 

Discretionary access control (DAC) allows access to be granted or restricted by an object’s owner based on user identity and on the discretion of the object owner. 


Q458. Which of the following types of authentication packages user credentials in a ticket? 

A. Kerberos 

B. LDAP 

C. TACACS+ 

D. RADIUS 

Answer:

Explanation: 

The basic process of Kerberos authentication is as follows: 

The subject provides logon credentials. 

The Kerberos client system encrypts the password and transmits the protected credentials to the 

KDC. 

The KDC verifies the credentials and then creates a ticket-granting ticket (TGT—a hashed form of 

the subject’s password with the addition of a time stamp that indicates a valid lifetime). The TGT is 

encrypted and sent to the client. 

The client receives the TGT. At this point, the subject is an authenticated principle in the Kerberos 

realm. 

The subject requests access to resources on a network server. This causes the client to request a 

service ticket (ST) from the KDC. 

The KDC verifies that the client has a valid TGT and then issues an ST to the client. The ST 

includes a time stamp that indicates its valid lifetime. 

The client receives the ST. 

The client sends the ST to the network server that hosts the desired resource. 

The network server verifies the ST. If it’s verified, it initiates a communication session with the 

client. From this point forward, Kerberos is no longer involved. 


Q459. Use of group accounts should be minimized to ensure which of the following? 

A. Password security 

B. Regular auditing 

C. Baseline management 

D. Individual accountability 

Answer:

Explanation: 

Holding users accountable for their actions is part of security, and can only be achieved by users having their own user accounts. To adequately provide accountability, the use of shared or group accounts should be discouraged. 


Q460. Which of the following BEST describes the type of attack that is occurring? 

A. Smurf Attack 

B. Man in the middle 

C. Backdoor 

D. Replay 

E. Spear Phishing 

F. Xmas Attack 

G. Blue Jacking 

H. Ping of Death 

Answer:

Explanation: 

The exhibit shows that all the computers on the network are being ‘pinged’. This indicates that the ping request was sent to the network broadcast address. We can also see that all the replies were received by one (probably with a spoofed address) host on the network. This is typical of a smurf attack. 

A smurf attack is a type of network security breach in which a network connected to the Internet is swamped with replies to ICMP echo (PING) requests. A smurf attacker sends PING requests to an Internet broadcast address. These are special addresses that broadcast all received messages to the hosts connected to the subnet. Each broadcast address can support up to 255 hosts, so a single PING request can be multiplied 255 times. The return address of the request itself is spoofed to be the address of the attacker's victim. All the hosts receiving the PING request reply to this victim's address instead of the real sender's address. A single attacker sending hundreds or thousands of these PING messages per second can fill the victim's T-1 (or even T-3) line with ping replies, bring the entire Internet service to its knees. Smurfing falls under the general category of Denial of Service attacks -- security attacks that don't try to steal information, but instead attempt to disable a computer or network.