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Q161. Which two fields reside in the initial CHAP challenge packet? (Choose two.)
A. the authentication name of the challenger
B. a random hash value generated by the device
C. the hashed packet type ID
D. the packet type ID in clear text
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
When a caller A dials in to an access server B, The Access server sends across the link an initial Type 1 authentication packet called a Challenge. This Challenge packet contains a randomly generated number, an ID sequence number to identify the challenge (sent in clear text) and the authentication name of the challenger.
Reference: http://www.rhyshaden.com/ppp.htm
Q162. Which two services are used to transport Layer 2 frames across a packet-switched network? (Choose two.)
A. Frame Relay
B. ATM
C. AToM
D. L2TPv3
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Both AToM and L2TPv3 have the common objective of transmitting packet switched traffic of L2 frames (Frame Relay, ATM, and Ethernet) across a packet-switched network.
Reference: Layer 2 VPN Architectures - Google Books Result Wei Luo, Carlos Pignataro, Anthony Chan
https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0132796864
Q163. What is the function of an EIGRP sequence TLV packet?
A. to acknowledge a set of sequence numbers during the startup update process
B. to list the peers that should listen to the next multicast packet during the reliable multicast process
C. to list the peers that should not listen to the next multicast packet during the reliable multicast process
D. to define the initial sequence number when bringing up a new peer
Answer: C
Explanation:
EIGRP sends updates and other information between routers using multicast packets to 224.0.0.10. For example in the topology below, R1 made a change in the topology and it needs to send updates to R2 & R3. It sends multicast packets to EIGRP multicast address 224.0.0.10. Both R2 & R3 can receive the updates and acknowledge back to R1 using unicast. Simple, right? But what if R1 sends out updates, only R2 replies but R3 never does? In the case a router sends out a multicast packet that must be reliable delivered (like in this case), an EIGRP process will wait until the RTO (retransmission timeout) period has passed before beginning a recovery action. This period is calculated from the SRTT (smooth round-trip time). After R1 sends out updates it will wait for this period to expire. Then it makes a list of all the neighbors from which it did not receive an Acknowledgement (ACK). Next it sends out a packet telling these routers stop listening to multicast until they are been notified that it is safe again. Finally the router will begin sending unicast packets with the information to the routers that didn’t answer, continuing until they are caught up. In our example the process will be like this:
1. R1 sends out updates to 224.0.0.10
2. R2 responds but R3 does not
3. R1 waits for the RTO period to expire
4. R1 then sends out an unreliable-multicast packet, called a sequence TLV (Type-Length-Value) packet, which tells R3 not to listen to multicast packets any more
5. R1 continues sending any other muticast traffic it has and delivering all traffic, using unicast to R3, until it acknowledges all the packets
6. Once R3 has caught up, R1 will send another sequence TLV, telling R3 to begin listening to multicast again. The sequence TLV packet contains a list of the nodes that should not listen to multicast packets while the recovery takes place. But notice that the TLV packet in step 6 does not contain any nodes in the list.
Note. In the case R3 still does not reply in step 4, R1 will attempt to retransmit the unicast 16 times or continue to retransmit until the hold time for the neighbor in question expires. After this time, R1 will declare a retransmission limit exceeded error and will reset the neighbor.
(Reference: EIGRP for IP: Basic Operation and Configuration)
Q164. Which three modes are valid PfR monitoring modes of operation? (Choose three.)
A. route monitor mode (based on BGP route changes)
B. RMON mode (based on RMONv1 and RMONv2 data)
C. passive mode (based on NetFlow data)
D. active mode (based on Cisco IP SLA probes)
E. fast mode (based on Cisco IP SLA probes)
F. passive mode (based on Cisco IP SLA probes)
Answer: C,D,E
Explanation:
Modes are:
Mode monitor passive
Passive monitoring is the act of PfR gathering information on user packets assembled into flows by Netflow. Passive monitoring is typically only recommended in Internet edge deployments because active probing is ineffective because of security policies that block probing. PfR, when enabled, automatically enables Netflow on the managed interfaces on the Border Routers. By aggregating this information on the Border Routers and periodically reporting the collected data to the Master Controller, the network prefixes and applications in use can automatically be learned.
Mode monitor active
Active monitoring is the act of generating Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements (SLAs) probes to generate test traffic for the purpose of obtaining information regarding the characteristics of the WAN links. PfR can either implicitly generates active probes when passive monitoring has identified destination hosts, or the network manager can explicitly configured probes in the PfR configuration. When jitter probes are used (common use case), Target Discovery is used to learn the respond address and to automatically generate the probes.
Mode monitor Fast
This mode generates active probes through all exists continuously at the configured probe frequency. This differs from either active or both modes in that these modes only generate probes through alternate paths (exits) in the event the current path is out-of-policy.
Reference: http://docwiki.cisco.com/wiki/PfR:Technology_Overview#Mode_monitor_passive
Q165. Which two statements about NPTv6 are true? (Choose two.)
A. The translation is invisible to applications that hard code IP information within the application logic.
B. It is a one-way stateful translation for the IPv6 address.
C. Translation is 1:1 at the network layer.
D. It is a two-way stateless translation for the network prefix.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
This document describes a stateless, transport-agnostic IPv6-to-IPv6 Network Prefix Translation (NPTv6) function that provides the address-independence benefit associated with IPv4-to-IPv4 NAT (NAPT44) and provides a 1:1 relationship between addresses in the "inside" and "outside" prefixes, preserving end-to-end reachability at the network layer NPTv6 Translation is stateless, so a "reset" or brief outage of an NPTv6 Translator does not break connections that traverse the translation function, and if multiple NPTv6 Translators exist between the same two networks, the load can shift or be dynamically load shared among them. NPTv6 is defined to include a two-way, checksum-neutral, algorithmic translation function, and nothing else.
Reference: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6296
Q166. Refer to the exhibit.
Switch DSW1 should share the same MST region with switch DSW2. Which statement is true?
A. Configure DSW1 with the same version number, and VLAN-to-instance mapping as shown on DSW2.
B. Configure DSW1 with the same region name, number, and VLAN-to-instance mapping as shown on DSW2.
C. DSW2 uses the VTP server mode to automatically propagate the MST configuration to DSW1.
D. DSW1 is in VTP client mode with a lower configuration revision number, therefore, it automatically inherits MST configuration from DSW2.
E. DSW1 automatically inherits MST configuration from DSW2 because they have the same domain name.
Answer: B
Q167. The OSPF database of a router shows LSA types 1, 2, 3 and 7 only. Which type of area is this router connected to?
A. backbone area
B. totally stubby area
C. stub area
D. not-so-stubby area
Answer: D
Q168. What can PfR passive monitoring mode measure for TCP flows?
A. only delay
B. delay and packet loss
C. delay and reachability
D. delay, packet loss, and throughput
E. delay, packet loss, throughput, and reachability
Answer: E
Explanation:
Passive monitoring metrics include the following:
. Delay: Cisco PfR measures the average delay of TCP flows for a given prefix or traffic class. Delay is the measurement of the round-trip response time (RTT) between the transmission of a TCP synchronization message and receipt of the TCP acknowledgement.
. Packet loss: Cisco PfR measures packet loss by tracking TCP sequence numbers for each TCP flow; it tracks the highest TCP sequence number. If it receives a subsequent packet with a lower sequence number, PfR increments the packet-loss counter. Packet
loss is measured in packets per million.
. Reachability: Cisco PfR measures reachability by tracking TCP synchronization messages that have been sent repeatedly without receiving a TCP acknowledgement.
. Throughput: Cisco PfR measures TCP throughput by measuring the total number of bytes and packets for each interesting traffic class or prefix for a given interval of time.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/collateral/ios-nx-os-software/performance-routing-pfr/product_data_sheet0900aecd806c4ee4.html
Q169. Refer to the exhibit.
Which VLANs are permitted to send frames out port FastEthernet0/1?
A. 100 - 200
B. 4 - 100
C. 1 and 4 - 100
D. 3 and 4 - 100
Answer: D
Explanation:
Traffic on the native vlan does not get tagged as it crosses a trunk, so there is no dot1q tag in the first place to be filtered. And you don’t need to allow the native vlan. But if we force to tag the native vlan (with the “switchport trunk native vlan tag” command) then if the native vlan is not in the “allowed vlan” list it will be dropped.
Q170. Which two statements about the function of a PIM designated router are true? (Choose two.)
A. It forwards multicast traffic from the source into the PIM network.
B. It registers directly connected sources to the PIM rendezvous point.
C. It sends PIM Join/Prune messages for directly connected receivers.
D. It sends IGMP queries.
E. It sends PIM asserts on the interfaces of the outgoing interface list.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
In PIM ASM and SSM modes, the software chooses a designated router (DR) from the routers on each network segment. The DR is responsible for forwarding multicast data for specified groups and sources on that segment. In ASM mode, the DR is responsible for unicasting PIM register packets to the RP. When a DR receives an IGMP membership report from a directly connected receiver, the shortest path is formed to the RP, which may or may not go through the DR. The result is a shared tree that connects all sources transmitting on the same multicast group to all receivers of that group. In SSM mode, the DR triggers (*, G) or (S, G) PIM join messages toward the RP or the source. The path from the receiver to the source is determined hop by hop. The source must be known to the receiver or the DR.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/datacenter/sw/5_x/nx-os/multicast/configuration/guide/n7k_multic_cli_5x/pim.html#wp1054047